Ringwalt's California Lower Case

ffifl--hair '  k e  1  2  3  4  5  6 78
jbcdisfgff9
?ufi0
!lmnenoypw,$em
quad
z5m4m&
xvht3-em
spaces
ar;:quads
q.-

This U.S. lay is based on the description in Ringwalt: American Encyclopaedia of Printing (1871). Unfortunately the complete lay is not given by Ringwalt, so this is a version of the U.S. Lower of BBS (1890s), modified according to Ringwalt's instructions for adapting an ordinary case to the improved Californian lay that was in use in San Fransisco. That is, dividing the h box into three (for ens 5-em 4-em spaces), the c box into two (for c and u), moving h to u box, dividing the en quad box into two (for $ and &), putting hair and em dash into the 4-em and 5-em boxes. With these changes, the compositor's hand travelling distance was claimed to be reduced by more than half a mile per day.

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ie with the boxes left blank
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ie with characters assigned to boxes
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This page was written in 1998 by David Bolton and last updated 23 November 2008.